Institute of International Politics and Economics organised panel discussion “Who is ʻpyromaniacʼ and who is ʻfirefighterʼ in the Middle East?” with the panellists who are experts for the MENA region politics to discuss foreign policies and actions of the leading international actors in that part of the globe. In the introductory part, journalist Bojan Brkić, Head of RTS World News Desk, Dr. Vladimir Ajzenhamer, Lecturer at the Faculty of Security, University of Belgrade, Dr. Marko Gagić, Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, and Dr. Vladimir Trapara, an IIPE researcher, debated the policies of USA and Russia in the region, motives of Turkey’s role in intervention in Syria, as well as on causes and consequences of the Yemen civil war. The panellists highlighted that the possible rationale of Russia to enter the Syrian war, among other things, might be to preempt direct confrontation with the West. With moderation of Dr. Slobodan Janković, Head of IIPE Centre for Neighbouring and Mediterranean countries, guests answered the questions of large audience.